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In most cases, the natural colour of teeth is within a range of light grayish-yellow shades. Teeth naturally darken with age and their appearance can be affected by the accumulation of surface stains. In addition, the perception of the colour of teeth is severely affected by skin tone and make-up.

Although teeth are not naturally meant to be completely white, many Canadians want a brighter smile. Responding to this desire, a wide range of "whitening" options has become available to consumers. These products fall into two main categories: surface whiteners and bleaches.

Before purchasing any tooth whitener, you should consult your dentist. Taking into account your unique oral health conditions, your dentist will be able to determine what, if any, tooth whitener is the right one for you.

Common Teeth-whitening Options

In-Office whitening

The procedure usually takes 30 to 90 minutes, and one to three visits to the dental office. A protective gel, shield or rubber dam is used to protect your gums from the bleaching agent, which is usually a form of hydrogen peroxide. A bleaching agent is then applied or "painted" onto your teeth and heat or high-intensity lights used to enhance the whitening process. In-Office whitening treatments often provide the most instant and dramatic results.

At home whitening

This is usually done by applying a bleaching solution to a custom-formed mouthguard that is left in the mouth for a specified time. Some products are intended for twice-daily use for up to two weeks. Others are intended for overnight use for one to two weeks.

Whitening toothpastes

All toothpastes remove surface stains through the action of mild abrasives. Whitening toothpastes contain special chemicals or polishing agents that have additional surface-stain removing properties, but don't alter the intrinsic colour of the teeth.

It's important to know that not everyone's teeth will "whiten" to the same degree. It depends on the number of teeth involved, the severity of discolouration and the natural colour of your teeth. The perception of the colour of your teeth is also influenced by skin tone.

Some patients may find that the soft tissue of the gums can become sensitive or irritated by the mouthguard or the solution. If you have concerns, it is important that you bring these to the attention of your dentist.

To prevent further staining, or maintain your results from whitening, its important to develop a good oral health regime.

• Brush twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste
• Floss and clean between your teeth once a day
• Schedule regular exams and cleanings with your dentist
• Limit stain-causing drinks such as red wine, tea and coffee
• Cease habits such as smoking and chewing tobacco.

View our In-Office professional whitening specials!

Content Courtesy of the Ontario Dental Association, 2011